Case Analysis of Yahoo Business Model Essay

Unique Yippee! plan of action is to perform esteem creation exercises to greatest its since quite a while ago run productivity in the web promoting industry. Hurray! first began as a basic index. Furthermore, today, it’s a worldwide web correspondence, trade, and media organization that serve 237 million individual clients month to month. As a result of the colossal number of clients presently are utilizing Yahoo! as a first look into site, its promoting income become a great deal. To have an upper hand and get greatest productivity, Yahoo! chosen to seek after vertical combination methodology. The advantage of vertical incorporation is to build the nature of their products.⠭â ­ Yippee Business Model Presentation Yippee! Inc. is an American global Internet company headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. It is universally known for its Web gateway, web index Yahoo Search, and related administrations, including Yahoo Directory, Yahoo Mail, Yahoo News, Yahoo Finance, Yahoo Groups, Yahoo Answers, publicizing, internet mapping, video sharing, dream sports and its online life site. It is one of the most well known destinations in the United States. As indicated by news sources, about 700 million individuals visit Yahoo sites each month. Yippee was established by Jerry Yang and David Filo in January 1994 and was fused on March 1, 1995. On July 16, 2012, previous Google official Marissa Mayer was named as Yahoo CEO and President, successful July 17, 2012. As per comScore, Yahoo during July 2013 outperformed Google on the quantity of United States guests to its Web locales just because since May 2011, set at 196 million United States guests, having expanded by 21 percent in a year. Hurray developed quickly all through the 1990s. Like motors and Web catalogs, Yahoo included a web-based interface. By 1998, Yahoo! was the most well known beginning stage for web clients. It likewise made some prominent acquisitions. Its stock cost soar during the website bubble, Yahooâ stocks shutting at a record-breaking high of $118.75 an offer on January 3, 2000. Be that as it may, after the website bubble burst, it arrived at a post-bubble low of $8.11 on September 26, 2001. Plan of action To take an early perspective on this organization, one can come to understand that it was really boldness and uniqueness that added to the greater part of Yahoo’s youthful field-tested strategy. The proprietors had the veracity and guts to take their site to the following level, from a little site rundown to a notable brand name and past. The greater part of the establishments for Yahoo were laid before the Dot Com Boom, which means not many individuals had ever constructed an endeavor like this one. Yahoo’s plan of action was tied in with venturing up and facing challenge. The organizers of this incredible organization endeavored to make their site special, an element full bit of the web that would solidify the ordinary web user’s inclinations into one spot. Yippee was tied in with having a home on the web. Before long Yahoo developed, and not long after the Dot Com Boom they were making share-value history, especially in Japan. Things were going incredibly well for this organization, however as rivalry entered the conflict, the youthful business minds behind the behemoth understood that their plan of action needed to change. It was not, at this point one of a kind as in sites like MSN and Google were knocking shoulders. Yippee was in peril to losing their intrigue. That’s when they understood that their essential spotlight from that point on in would need to be broadening. Hurray needed to be tied in with having all that you required on the web in one spot. As innovation created individuals were accomplishing increasingly more of their ordinary business on the web. Hurray needed to expand and quick. Yippee fundamentally needed individuals to have the option to discover whatever they required on this site, so they before long turned over obtaining web crawlers. They later made an arrangement with Google and made an association with the biggest web crawler on the web. This obviously wasn’t enough to accommodate their plan of action of broadening. Yippee moved into a settlement with Verizon and propelled their own web DSL administration. They presented correspondence with Yahoo Messenger. They permitted individuals to check their email with Yahoo Webmail. Before long enough they had everything from games to TV postings to personals. Enhancement was going great for Yahoo. They before long controlled everything that the normal individual required on the web. They were finallyâ becoming the web super-power they are today. Notwithstanding, it was immediately understood that their plan of action needed to change once more. Enhancement was arriving at its cutoff, so Yahoo started to concentrate on development and extension the focal point of its plan of action today. The organization started to procure organizations, for example, Flickr, extending their online realm. This is the place we see Yahoo today. An online impression that won’t stop. Its development is currently its essential center, and who knows where their creating plan of action will take them next. (See Visibility of Yahoo! Brand was acknowledged by comScore Matrix in 2004). Yippee Corporate Governance and vital Issue Yippee! faces various administration and vital difficulties in late 2011 as it attempts to rival opponents, for example, Google and discover approaches to adapt its shareholding and business joins with Alibaba Group in China and Yahoo! Japan. The organization was esteemed at practically a large portion of the offer that Microsoft had made in its procurement offer in 2008. The profundity of the test is underscored by the incessant CEO changes the organization has had. The case looks at the victories and disappointments at Yahoo! what's more, the choices currently confronting its board as it experiences speculator strain to improve execution. The issue at Yahoo! was that it was losing its bit of leeway to more quickly developing organizations, for example, Google additionally the extent of organization’s exercises was not characterized appropriately according to Market Demand. For instance, should the association focus on one territory of movement, or would it be advisable for it to have many? I accepted that Yahoo! was spread too meagerly over an excessive number of various exercises. Generally speaking I can Say Yahoo Corporate Goveranance was inadequate with regards to clearness of proprietorship, responsibility, need engaged, durable vision for there organization. Hurray, while not a withering organization, has battled to remain significant after it missed the two greatest patterns on the web: interpersonal organizations and the transition to cell phones as the portal to data and amusement. Yippee all out income in millions Proposal to Mayer Marissa Mayer is an ex-Google executive, following 13-year profession at the biggest Cloud Company on Earth, Mayer carries significant experience to the CEO position of the once-incredible Web Company. Mayer knows who she’s going up against, she needs to win, and that implies Yahoo! necessities to pull in Valley-class gifts. Mayer did what pioneers do: She settled on a choice that made a few people miserable so as to make progress for the entire endeavor (conditioned up workers and investors). In the wake of seeing Yahoo! lose height a seemingly endless amount of time after year, the analysis leveled at Mayer makes me idealistic about the company’s future. Hurray all out income in a large number of dollars Versatile Products Mayer’s first errand ought to be to explain a dream for Yahoo. Mayer ought to be progressively centered around As we realize that Mobile is the future and versatile change is currently a worldwide marvel so I prescribe Mayer to be increasingly centered around clients propensities through items and applications accessible on its web-based interface, for example, fund, news, climate, email, sports, and so forth Portable Competition Mayer must be solid and steady for portable rivalry, report propose that Facebook and google is currently expected to arrive at a piece of the pie of practically 40% of the versatile promoting market in the US one year from now. Its portable games and applications are giving no indications of easing back down, Facebook and Google makes certain to give Yahoo! an intense time as the last attempts to venture into portable. Income enhancement While expanding use Yahoo! necessities to put more concentrate on developing worldwide nearness and speaking to a more extensive segment of clients. At present, Yahoo! infers 75% of its complete income from the Americas locale, something that should be chipped away at later on. Search development and Advertisement Web Search should keep on being a key region of speculation for Yahoo! .Hurray! ought to improve more on the publicizing quality on its web index, On the off chance that Yahoo! can keep up above key regions than I might suspect it’s liable to become much further later on. References: Hurray FAQs. (2012). Financial specialists FAQs . Recovered from http://yhoo.client.shareholder.com/faq.cfm Jones, G. R. (2007). Hurray. In C. W. L. Slope and G. R. Jones (Eds.), Strategic Management AnIntegrated Approach (eighth ed., pp. C102-C114). Boston, NY: Houghton Mifflin Company. Yippee! we esteem. Recovered from http://docs.yahoo.com/information/values/Yahoo 10K. (2011, 12 31). Yippee 10k Annual Report . Recovered from http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/YHOO/2120211742x0xS1193125-12-86972/1011006/filing.pdf Pay articulation Retrieved from http://in.finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=YHOOWomack, B. (2012, 08 10). Yippee technique audit may bring about changes to money plans. Bloomberg, Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-08-09/hurray president procedure survey may-bring about changes-to-money plans.html The NewYork Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/14/innovation/organizations/14baidu.html?_r=1Claburn, T. (2006, 01 13). Hurray loses claim over nazi memorabilia deal.

Michael Faraday Essays - Fellows Of The Royal Society,

Michael Faraday It isn't my expectation to lay before you an existence of Faraday in the common tolerating of the term. The obligation I need to perform is to give you some thought of what he has done on the planet; harping by chance on the soul in which his work was executed, and presenting such close to home attributes as might be important to the fruition of your image of the logician, however in no way, shape or form satisfactory to give you a total thought of the man. Michael Faraday was conceived at Newington Butts, on September 22, 1791, and he kicked the bucket at Hampton Court, on August 25, 1867. At the point when thirteen years of age, in other words in 1804, Faraday was apprenticed to a book shop and bookbinder where he went through eight years of his life, after which he filled in as an understudy somewhere else. Faraday's first contact with the Royal Institution was that he was presented by one of the individuals to Sir Humphry Davy's last talks, that he took notes of those talks; kept in touch with them genuinely out, and sent them to Davy, begging him simultaneously to empower him to stop exchange, and to seek after science, which he cherished. Davy was useful to Faraday, and this ought to never be overlooked. He on the double kept in touch with Faraday, and thereafter, whenever an open door happened, made him his right hand. In Rome he gained fast ground in science, and after a period was endowed with simple investigations by Davy. In those days the Royal Institution distributed 'The Quarterly Journal of Science,' the antecedent of 'Procedures.' Faraday's first commitment to science showed up in that diary in 1816. It was an examination of some scathing lime from Tuscany, which had been sent to Davy by the Duchess of Montrose. Between this period and 1818 different notes and short papers were distributed by Faraday. In 1818 he tested after 'Sounding Flames.' Every now and then somewhere in the range of 1818 and 1820 Faraday distributed logical notes and notification of minor weight. Right now he was securing, not delivering; buckling down for his lord and putting away and fortifying his own psyche. He helped Mr. Brande in his talks, thus unobtrusively, dexterously, and unassumingly was his work done, that Mr. Brande's business at the time was articulated 'addressing on velvet.' In 1820 Faraday distributed a synthetic paper 'on two new mixes of chlorine and carbon, and on another compound of iodine, carbon, and hydrogen.' This paper was perused before the Royal Society on December 21, 1820, and it was the first of his that was regarded with a spot in the 'Philosophical Transactions.' On June 12, 1821, he wedded, and got leave to bring his young spouse into his rooms at the Royal Institution. There for forty-six years they lived respectively, possessing the set-up of lofts which had been already in the progressive inhabitance of Young, Davy, and Brande. At the hour of her marriage Mrs. Faraday was twenty-one years old, he being almost thirty. Oersted, in 1820, found the activity of a voltaic flow on an attractive needle; and promptly subsequently the awesome acumen of Ampere prevailing with regards to indicating that each attractive wonder at that point known may be diminished to the shared activity of electric flows. This stood out for Faraday to the subject. He read much about it; and in the long stretches of July, August, and September he composed a 'past filled with the advancement of electromagnetism,' which he distributed in Thomson's 'Archives of Philosophy.' Soon a short time later he took up the subject of 'Attractive Rotations,' and on the morning of Christmas-day, 1821, he called his significant other to observe, just because, the transformation of an attractive needle cycle an electric flow. Accidental to the 'memorable sketch,' he rehashed practically all the analyses there alluded to; and these, additional to his own ensuing work, made him reasonable ace of every one of that was then known in regards to the voltaic current. In 1821, he likewise addressed a subject which consequently got his closer consideration - the vaporization of mercury at normal temperatures; and quickly a short time later directed investigations on the combinations of steel. He was acclimated in after years to present to his companions razors shaped from one of the amalgams at that point found. During Faraday's long periods of freedom from other

Summary of Pennzoil v Texaco - Free Essay Example

Case Summary Getty Oil Company had two major shareholders, Gordon Getty, Getty Museum. Gordon Getty who was also the trustee of the Sara Getty Trust owned about 40% of the outstanding shares of Getty Oil. The Getty Museum held about 12% of shares of Getty Oil. In January 1984, Pennzoil Company rendered an offer to buy 3/7ths of Getty at $110 per share. Then representatives of Pennzoil, Gordon Getty and Museum reached the Memorandum of Agreement by signing on the agreement. The agreement stated that $110 per share offer was subject to the approval of the board of Getty oil and it would expire by its own terms if not approved at the board meeting in later days. Few days later, the board of directors of Getty Oil voted to reject the agreement price of $110 per share on the meeting as it was too low. Afterwards, Getty Oilà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s investment banker, Geoffrey Boisi, started looking for other companies that are able to offer a higher price. Meanwhile, the board rec onvened to revise Pennzoil proposal to $110 per share plus a $3 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“stubà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  to be paid from the proceeds of the sale of ERC, a Getty Oil subsidiary. On the same day, the board accepted an updated proposal in which the guaranteed minimum for the stub was increased to $5. Towards the end of the meeting, representatives from Pennzoil and Getty Oil agreed on the proposal by shaking hands. After the meeting, lawyers began preparing definitive merger documents and press release to announce the deal. Next day, both Getty Oil and Pennzoil made the same announcement about this deal; however, the merger documents were not ready yet. At the course of the merger document preparation, the Gettyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s investment banker Boisi still continued to contact other companies that could offer a higher price than Pennzoil offered. As a result, Texaco decided to offer simpler deal of $125 per share in cash. One day after the Texacoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer, Getty boar d changed their mind to accept Texacoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer instead, then Texaco issued a press release stating the merger between Getty Oil and Texaco immediately. Next day, the merger agreement was signed together with stock purchase agreement with the Museum and stock exchange agreement with the Trust. This had resulted in lawsuit in Delaware and Texas brought by Pennzoil against Getty Oil, Gordon Getty, Getty Museum, and Texaco in order to get the deal back to Pennzoil. Later on, Pennzoil added tortious interference with a contract to its claims against Texaco as Texaco had agreed to indemnify Getty Oil from any claims arising out of its sale to Texaco. In Texas court, Texaco affirmed that Pennzoil never had a contract because the parties had not yet agreed on the essential terms of the deal and that, even if a contract did exist, Texaco did not tortuously interfere with it. Neither Getty nor Texaco treated handshake as a symbol of agreement. Pennzoil presented the amount of damages caused by the agreement withdrawal. It was totaled at 7.53 billion in compensatory damages. In the end, the jury awarded Pennzoil $7.53 billion in compensatory damages and $1 billion in punitive damages. Analysis The issue here is whether both Pennzoil and Getty were bound to the Memorandum of Agreement, whether there was a binding contract, and whether Texaco tortuously interfered with a contract between Pennzoil and Getty. The determination of these three factors is a question of fact for three parties. The terms of a contract could determine whether the contract is binding or not. Once it shows that there is a binding contract, we could start focusing on whether Texaco intentionally or unintentionally interfered with the contract. There was a substantial evidence of Pennzoil and Gettyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intention to be bound subject to approval by their boards of directors. This intent was clearly shown by the Memorandum of Agreement and press release by both par ties. However, the most confusing part is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“subject toà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . There is an arguable difference between a transaction being subject to various requirements, and the formation of an agreement being conditioned upon completion of such requirements. Any intent of the parties not to be bound before signing a formal document was not so clearly expressed in their press releases to establish that there was no contract at that time. The press release does refer to an agreement in principle and states that the transaction is subject to execution of a definitive merger agreement. But the announcement as a whole is allegedly stated in indicative terms, not in subjunctive or hypothetical ones. The press release describes what shareholders will receive, what Pennzoil will contribute, that Pennzoil will be granted an option, etc. Pennzoils witnesses testified that when business people use agreement in principle, it means that the parties have reached a meeting of the mi nds with only details left to be resolved. Other than the preliminary financial arrangements made by Pennzoil, there was little relevant partial performance in this case that might show that the parties believed that they were bound by a contract. However, the absence of relevant part performance in this short period of time does not compel the conclusion that no contract existed. At the end of the January 3 board meeting, the Getty Oil Company, the Museum, the Trust, and Pennzoil intended to be bound to an agreement that provided that Getty Oil would purchase the Museums shares forthwith as provided in the Memorandum of Agreement. There is evidence in the record to support this finding. Based on the criterion to determine whether the parties intended to be bound only by a formal signed writing, we should know whether a party expressly reserved the right to be bound only when a written agreement is signed; whether there was any partial performance by one party that disclaimed the contract was accepted; whether all essential terms of the alleged contract had been agreed upon; and whether the complexity or magnitude of the transaction could require that a formal and executed writing would normally be expected. In order to figure out whether Texaco interfered with the merger agreement between Pennzoil and Getty Oil, we need to identify elements of the tort of interference with contract: existence of a contract, tortfeasorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s knowledge of the contract, tortfeasorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intentional inducement of a breach of contract, and damages. As we discussed above, there were a binding contract and pecuniary damages resulting from the breach of contract. Under the common law, a party who suffers a breach of contract is entitled to recover in tort from a third party whose improper interference induced the breach. This right is over and above any claim for contract damages the aggrieved party may have against the breacher. Damages for the same i njury may not be recovered twice, but it is possible for the aggrieved party to recover compensatory damages from the breacher, and exemplary or punitive damages from the inducer. Note that under the Restatement, liability in tort can attach even if there is no breach of contract; all that is needed is nonperformance. A defendant who induces a contracting party to exercise her bargained-for right of termination may be liable for the other partyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s losses, if the inducement is found to be improper. The contract need not even be fully enforceable; courts have held that one who induces a contracting party to avoid a voidable contract (for example by asserting the Statute of Frauds or a defense of mistake) may be liable for the counterpartyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s pecuniary losses. There are differences between New York law and Texas law. Under New York Law, if parties do not intend to be bound to an agreement until it is reduced to writing and signed by both parties, then there is no contract until that event occurs. If there is no understanding that a signed writing is necessary before the parties will be bound, and the parties have agreed upon all substantial terms, then an informal agreement can be binding, even though the parties contemplated evidencing their agreement in a formal document later. In the beginning, Pennzoil tried to block the Getty-Texaco merger at court in Delaware, but the Delaware court denied the request, and the next day Pennzoil filed suit in Houston seeking for awards of damages. Under Texas law, Judges dealt with the case and granted damages award to Pennzoil. Texaco could not appeal until it posted a bond for the full amount of the judgment, plus interest, which the company could not afford. Then, Texaco tried to move the case to New York and complained to a Federal judge about unfair ruling. Federal District Judge Charles Brieant ruled that Texaco did not have to post bond for the full amount, but could put up $1 billio n as security. A Federal appeals court in New York affirmed his ruling. This triggered that not only Pennzoil but many outside legal experts argued that it threatened the principle of federalism by invading territory reserved for the state courts. This goes to important constitutional questions about federalism and the fairness of the legal process in different states. A big mistake Texaco made was not able to deal with evidence of damages at trial, a professor from Columbia law school said. With the benefit of hindsight, Texacos trial strategy was obviously catastrophic, said Prof. Robert Mnookin, who teaches at the Stanford law school. Additionally, most impartial observers would agree that the jurys damage award was absurdly high and was not proportionally related to Pennzoils actual damages (Lewin Tama 1989) From ethical viewpoint, this is a true story of deceit and treachery. Pennzoil spent so many days in negotiating with Getty Oil and preparing for the merger. They ende d up making Memorandum of Agreement and shaking hands to agree with new terms. Both issued the merger announcement on their website. All of these could prove that they were very likely inclined to be bound by the agreement. However, Getty Oil backed out of the agreement for the offer by Texaco, which made Pennzoilà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s efforts worthless. Despite whether they should be bound by the agreement or not, Getty Oil misled Pennzoil. Another issue stemmed from the lawsuit is the big winners in this case. They are all the lawyers who got paid $60 million, a professor at the University of Michigan law school said. It is hard to justify $60 million for this. Conclusion This case suggests that Pennzoil and Getty Oil had made a preliminary agreement. If the merger turns out to be profitable after uncertainties are resolved, the parties would make a formal contract later. But if the transaction turns out to be unprofitable, the parties would abandon the project together. Dis putes aroused under the preliminary agreement after Pennzoil had invested time and efforts. Disappointed Pennzoil believed that they were entitled to compensation either for their expectation or for the investment cost, while Getty Oil thought that they were entitled to exit without liability. In order to decide whether the parties have reached a fully binding contract or not, we should looked into two things. First, the parties had agreed on all material terms and intended to memorialize the merger agreement in a formal document. Texaco court treated this type of agreement as a fully binding contract when the evidence supports a finding that the parties did not intend the formalization of their agreement to be essential. Second, the parties have made a preliminary agreement as defined above when they have agreed on certain terms but left other terms open, so that the best inference from their negotiations is that they have made a binding preliminary commitment to pursue a profit able transaction. First, the parties have engaged in preliminary negotiations when they have discussed a deal but have not agreed to one. In this event, the disappointed party can recover nothing.4 1. Does your draft essay identify and have a discussion of each of the 4 elements of the tort of interference with contract, Pennzoils cause of action against Texaco? 2. Does it have a deeper discussion of one of the elements, possibly whether there was a contract at all, possibly whether the law on wrongful inducement to breach a contract was correctly applied? Did you explain what another analyst said about that issue in a law review article? Bagley Restatement (Second) of Torts Section 766 defines interference with contract. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“One who intentionally and improperly interferes with the performance of a contractà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦between another and a third person by inducing or otherwise causing the third person not to perform the contract, is subject to liabil ity to the other for the pecuniary loss resulting to the other from the failure of the third person to perform the contract.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Restatement (Second) of Torts 766 (1979). Based on those elements, it seems you have one of two areas in which you might explain the lack of clarity in the law: 1. What is a contract and whether there was one in this story. 2. Whether Texaco honestly believed Getty and Pennzoil had a contract and intentionally induced Getty to breach it Reference TAMAR LEWIN. 1989. Pennzoil-Texaco Fight Raised Key Questions. [online] Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/19/business/pennzoil-texaco-fight-raised-key-questions.html. [Accessed on March 2014] Cornell University Law School. 1987. PENNZOIL COMPANY, Appellant v. TEXACO, INC. [online] Available at: https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/481/1#writing-type-1-POWELL. [Accessed on March 2014] https://openjurist.org/784/f2d/1133/texaco-inc-v-pennzoil-company

Antigone The Foreign Policies Of George Bush s...

Seamus Heaney’s adaptation of Sophocles Antigone takes inspiration from the foreign policies of George Bush’s administration, (McElroy. S, 2007 NYT). This is most notably seen through the character Creon and how he dictates to the people. Sophocles version of Antigone was written at a time shortly before Sophocles became one of ten generals that led a military expedition against Samos. I am going to be looking at the scene in which Creon and Haemon argue over Antigone and ultimately part on bad terms. I am choosing this scene because the themes of family loyalty, authority and war are easily defined here, alike at the time of writing the original script, the Theban society valued family and loyalty above all else, they were also often at war. Antigone is part of a series of Theban plays by Sophocles and concludes what his later plays started. At the start of the play, we learn of the deaths of her two brothers, Eteocles and Polyneices. The death of her brothers and her unrelenting refusal to let one of their bodies rot leads Antigone to be imprisoned in a tomb. This event leads father and son to defy society’s value of family loyalty and argue; Creon: The woman has you round her little finger Haemon: Shutting me up still doesn’t make you right. Creon: †¦ You’ll pay for this disrespect†¦ Sophocles targets the traditional Theban values of family loyalty, which would’ve caused a difference of opinion in the audience of his time. Threatening Haemon for his disrespect would’ve

Essay Greek and Roman Governments - 772 Words

Greek and Roman Governments The Greek democratic and Roman republic governments each had their own positive and negative aspects making them similar, yet exclusively different. Both have had tremendous influences on governments in our modern world. Rome was a republic where the leaders were chosen through voting, while Greece practiced a more direct democracy in which the citizens participated in the crucial decision-making within the government. This paper will attempt to diagnose the fundamental similarities of each government coupled with the not so obvious differences. Based on the evidence from each type of government, it is clear that each were similar and different in numerous ways, in particular the way each government†¦show more content†¦The second major similarity between ancient Greek and Roman civilizations was that their citizens voted on who to make their elected officials, however the difference was that each culture differed in their definition of a citizen. The Greeks only recognized native-born males having the right of citizenship, women and slaves could not be citizens and therefore could not vote. The Romans on the other hand, recognized foreigners residing within Italy as half-citizens giving them full legal rights but not the right to vote. Greece mostly voted into office people of middle- to upper-class citizens, whereas Rome only voted in the rich 10% of their population. Even though history seems to show that the Greeks were more fair by randomly selecting citizens to run for office, the Roman government specifically chose who would run for election similar to our political race today where the Republican and Democratic parties choose who will be there candidates. The third similarity/discrepancy noted between these two cultures is the hierarchy. Greece did not elect representatives primarily because their population was small enough that they could practice a more direct democracy, where the citizens actually participated in the politics . On the other side of the coin, the Romans did practice a representative democracy by electing two consuls to act as heads of state.Show MoreRelatedGreek and Roman Concepts of Citizenship and Government1361 Words   |  6 PagesGreek and Roman Concepts of Citizenship and Government Joe Wickenden, Sarah Dowling, Ginger Snyder, Leone Hansen HIS/341 October 27, 2014 Joel Getz Greek and Roman Concepts of Citizenship and Government The definition of citizenship in Greek and Roman cultures can be described much differently than the current democratic definition of contemporary nations. The Roman Empire differed from the Athenian Amphictyony and the Assyrian Empire as well as the sunder later emperors such as VespasianRead MoreAncient Greek And Romes Impact On Western Literature1642 Words   |  7 Pages The impact greek and roman culture had on western civilization The ancient Greeks and Romans were two of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. The two civilizations thrived in their ancient environments which eventually led to a large amount of wealth within these two cultures. It is because of this that these ancient cultures were able to make a variety of advancements in literature, architecture, art and many other fields. These two civilizations also produced some of the ancient world’sRead MoreThe Roman Republic And Its Political Impact On Our Government925 Words   |  4 PagesThe Roman Republic and Its Political Impact to Our Government Have you ever taken a moment to think about the roots of our government? Since the beginning of civilization, humans have had an impulse to form governments. It is an experiment thousands of years in the making. Governments were created out of the need to protect people from conflicts and to provide law and order. The question then arises; who did America model its government after? Many historians say that America followed in the footstepsRead MoreAncient Greece And Roman Civilizations790 Words   |  4 Pagesancient Greek society would practice beliefs and traditions that would lead to the development of advanced civilizations. It started as the Greeks beliefs which would help develop the Roman society, which would later lead to contributing to the development of the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines would help influence Europe during the Middle Ages, and Europe’s ideas and practices would lead to helping and impacting the modern western civilization with their ideas and be liefs. The Greeks showed influenceRead MoreGreek and Roman Culture Essay examples1240 Words   |  5 PagesGreek and Roman culture, although similar, are very different and interesting. Since the Romans adopted culture from the Greeks, many traditions are the same. When the Romans conquered the Hellenistic cities, they became fascinated with the idea of a Greek style of doing things. All things Greek were now considered popular. This is how much of the Greek way of life made its way into the Roman society. The first part of culture that the Romans adopted was the Greek art. Scores of Greek paintingsRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1498 Words   |  6 Pages Greek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In examining the trajectory of modern historyRead MoreThe Greek and Roman Influence over Modern America1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe Greek and Roman Influence over Modern America The Greeks and the Romans were among the most influential societies in the history of the world. Evidence of Greek or Roman influence can be found in almost every culture or country that has ever existed. Though both cultures were different in practice and incredibly competitive with one another, their politics and their beliefs set the stage for future civilizations, including those of the modern world. In particular, the values and practices ofRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1503 Words   |  7 Pages Greek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In scrutinizing the trajectory of modern historyRead MoreGreek And Roman Comparisons And Contributions1698 Words   |  7 Pages Greek and Roman Comparisons and Contributions Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome are responsible for many facets in today’s world. In fact, when reviewing history, the Greeks and Romans are sometimes confused with one another. There are many shared traditions, but yet there are many differences between the two. The countries are both Mediterranean, however they had different social class structures, different mythology, and placed different values on life. Ancient Greece was vibrant in the fifthRead MoreGreek And Roman Ideas778 Words   |  4 Pages Greek and Roman Ideals When considering the ancient Greek and Roman ideals you can see the distinct similarities in their art, government, monotheism, and architecture. The Romans duplicated many of the Greek styles and modified them to suit their lifestyles. Greece and Rome influences can be seen in art today with the use of concepts, techniques, and styles that were founded by the Greek classical ideal. These include techniques for carving sculptures and the construction of massive metropolitan

Less isnt more Essay Example For Students

Less isnt more Essay Theatres aim to strike the delicate balance between downsizing creative risk-taking. More and more these days, art imitates business. The grimmest financial picture in memory has sent Americas nonprofit professional theatres scurrying to the profit-seeking community for means of survival. Mounting deficits and dwindling resources force theatres to cut costs in every conceivable way. Productions are fewer, smaller and safer. Budget gaps drive theatre professionals to other lines of work. While well-heeled theatre companies dig into their pockets, smaller companies scrape by, hoping that an economic upturn will improve their prospects. Just like hundreds of strapped companies in every industry, theatres have embraced downsizing. Clearly, downsizing has merit. When income shrinks, budgets have to shrink also or the venture eventually will fail, whether it produces widgets or new plays. But theatres that succumb to the profit sectors passion for downsizing should be wary of pitfalls. In the for-profit world, downsizing is supposed to eliminate ventures where the outcome cannot be predicted with a high degree of certainty. Research and development often go first. Marginal units and projects go next. Businesses routinely survive crunches by becoming low-cost suppliers of goods and services. Cost savings go to investors, who measure success by return on investment. Return on investment cannot be measured, however, when the payback is aesthetic. A theatre that slashes its equivalent of research and development in the name of tighter management sacrifices its soul, not to mention future audiences. Vibrant theatres court uncertainty. They do not banish it because times are tough. When you downsize so much, the biology of the institution gets compromised, warns Zelda Fichandler, who has been at the vanguard of nonprofit theatre since she launched Washington, D.C.s Arena Stage in 1950 on $800 per week. The budget today exceeds $9 million per year. I dont think theatre will improve because you strip it down to its core. Fichandler fears a loss of experimentation and creative dialogue in a downsized climate. Theatre must be some kind of journey where every village does not have a perfect dinner, she declares. The toll is already profound. No one today could dream of producing a show like Arenas 1967 smash, The Great White Hope, a production that required 60 actors, 232 costumes and 11 sets. The trend poses a risk that nonprofit theatres will lose touch with writers whose plays fill wide tableaus. So far, however, the appetite for these plays has not vanished. In Chicago, the Steppenwolf Theatre Company recently restaged last seasons hit, The Song of Jacob Zulu, by Tug Yourgrau, with 25 actors in the cast, then transferred the production to Broadway last month. The Lambs Theatre in New York City has agreed to produce Arthur Girons new play about the young Wright brothers, which will require more than 10 actors and some very imaginative staging to recreate mans first powered flight. Robert Schenkkans Kentucky Cycle, an epic drama that runs six hours and calls for 19 performers, received its world premiere at the Intiman Theatre in Seattle, a subsequent run at the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles and the 1992 Pulitzer Prize for Drama. The acclaim dramatizes the argument for taking risks that are inconsonant with downsizing. The Intiman took an enormous gamble on the Kentuck y Cycle, Schenkkan says. |Artistic director~ Liz Huddle did the rest of the season on a unit set. But the recognition that it brought the Intiman cannot be bought. It put them on the map in a significant way. Large and small nonprofit theatres have approached Schenkkan for the rights to mount new productions, but thus far the shows scale has kept it on their back burners. The chance of being first to produce next years Pulitzer Prize winner does not alter the fact that strained finances clamp down on options. Sadly, theatres must impose restraints just when they have matured as institutions. We probably have the most thoughtful and experienced group of people who set artistic policy than at any time, says Jon Jory, producing director at Actors Theatre of Louisville. It is ironic that at the very time when we have finally prepared this cadre of experienced artistic directors, financial restraints are most severe. When people are expansive aesthetically, they have to be conservative financially. Even Actors Theatre, with a recent $9.5-million capital fund drive under its belt and no deficit, is downsizing. Name an aspect of the budget and weve taken 10 to 15 percent out of it, says Jory, who sees no turnaround on the horizon. We are saying no for the first time since the early days, Jory concedes. It used to be a resident set designer was $1,700 over budget and we didnt discuss it. Now it requires a full-fledged meeting. Jory no longer casts shows in New York or Los Angeles. Rather than conduct expensive searches on either coast, he relies on several hundred actors he has worked with beforeeven if that pool does not include the perfect actor for a particular role. Meantime, the theatre has scaled back advertising and marketing activity. But these were easy cuts. If subscriptions continue to erode at the same pace, one thousand or so a year, the next round may go much deeper. We are flat-out going to have to think about popularizing our seasons, he declares. Shows with track records may suit audiences comfortable with realism and naturalism, but Jory frets that they are out of sync with the best young directors, who tend to share an inbred disdain for realism and naturalism. What's the matter with tax exemption? EssayHope is alive at two theatre groups in Philadelphia. We have spent very little time going Woe is me,' says Dan Schay, executive director of the Philadelphia Drama Guild. Instead, a growing deficit sounded a wake-up call to the board. Together with a board member acting as a de facto financial vice president, Schay initiated a thorough organizational assessment. Meanwhile, a discrete fund drive raised more than $100,000. We did not want to get to the point where we had to cry wolf, Schay explains. We wanted to talk quietly about the existence of wolves. Some funds have come out of artistic projects, but overall Schay says the impact is negligible. Still, the theatre postponed a production of Brechts Galileo that required 20 actors to portray 55 characters. Something as complex as Galileo should not just fill a slot, its an event, says Schay, who is attempting to raise support for the project. Meanwhile, the Drama Guild replaced Galileo with Nora, Ingmar Bergmans version of A Dolls House. Across town, the Philadelphia Festival Theatre for New Plays recently won kudos for a production of Chekhovs The Seagull, translated by the theatres artistic director, Carol Rocamora. The payoff for a production with 12 characters and four sets was an extraordinary invitation to restage it for the 1994 International Chekhov Festival in Moscow. We are lucky to have funding sources that believe in us, Rocamora says. In its 19th season, the Illusion Theatre in Minneapolis has been attracting larger audiences to its productions, but not enough to offset erosion to other sources of income. As a result, the theatres budget has shrunk slightly in each of the past two years. We are thinking much longer and harder about when we are ready to commit to a production, says artistic director Michael Robins. In 1993 the theatre retreated from a tradition of producing at least one epic play each season. None of the casts numbered more than three actors. But the pipeline holds at least two larger plays that are candidates for production in 1994, under the auspices of the Fresh Ink Series. One, a play by Martha Boesing, is taken from Meridel LeSeurs stories about life in Minnesota during the Great Depression. The saga centers on The Annunciation, a story about a pregnant woman who wants to have her child although hopelessness surrounds hera theme not entirely foreign to the nonprofit theatre itself these days. There will be nine actors and live music. We want to go with the |original~ idea rather than make the idea for three people, Robins says. Another play in the Fresh Ink Series, Ping Chongs epic Deshima, originated in Holland and had a U.S. production at La Mama ETC. It tells the story of the Dutch colonization of Asia in a visual collage with lots of slides, fairly elaborate technical requirements and a large Asian-American cast. StageWest, a Lort C theatre in Springfield, Mass., may be more typical of many nonprofit theatres. Funding sources have dried up left and right, says artistic director Eric Hill. The budget has fallen from $2.2 million to $1.3 million since 1989. We have lived for four years with the sword of Damocles over our heads, Hill says. To make up for funding shortfalls, the current season offered audiences Tennessee Williamss Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Love Letters by A.R. Gurney, Other Peoples Money by Jerry Sterner and Shirley Valentine by Willy Russell, in contrast with the 1990-1991 season that featured Visions of an Ancient Dreamer, adapted from Euripides by Eric Hill; Sweet N Hot in Harlem, conceived by Robert Elliot Cohen with music by Harold Arlen; and Night Must Fall by Emlyn Williams. The company continues to develop new projects on its 99-seat second stage. Like Visions of an Ancient Dreamer, some receive main stage productions. Last seasons Hamlet, performed by a cast of interns, traveled to the main stage and then on to Japans annual Toga Festival at the invitation of Tadashi Suzuki. Currently, the troupe is developing What You Will, a multimedia version of Shakespeares Twelfth Night adapted by Hill for a cabaret format. The adversity-builds-character school will maintain that financial restraints force an institution to focus on its true mission. Besides, as playwright A.R. Gurney notes, the theatre has always operated under limitations of some kind. In earlier eras they were cultural and religious. Our limitations are financial. How theatres defy modern limitations will eventually inspire nostalgic recollections. The theatre has rarely been a very rich place to work, and creativity has no price tag. As long as there is willingness to take risks, brilliant ideas should not be any scarcer just because the chips are down. It just seems harder to give them shape that will attract an audience. But this is nothing new. Heroics are part of the fabric of the theatre, Zelda Fichandler notes. The structure of drama itself consists of people trying to get around obstacles.

Who Is To Blame For The Deaths Of Romeo And Juliet Essays

Who Is To Blame For The Deaths Of Romeo And Juliet? Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy about two star crossed lovers whose love cannot apart them from their two feuding families. In this essay I will state who or what are responsible for their deaths, the main theme of the story is hatred and fate. Firstly I must introduce the two families because their attitude of hatred is responsible for the deaths mainly because if they hadn't quarrelled then maybe Romeo and Juliet wouldn't have got married in secret. Resulting in the feud all the members perpetuated the feud this is illustrated by Tybalt from the Capulet family, Juliet's cousin, he started the fight that resulted in Romeo getting banished and he was always causing trouble. He more than any one else in the story kept hatred alive between the two families because of his violence. I also blame Lord and Lady Capulet, Juliet's parents because they should have paid more attention to Juliet's wishes when she refused to marry Paris. At first they threatened to throw her out onto the streets as in Act three Scene 5 Capulet says to Juliet "Thursday is near lay hand on heart and you be mine, Ill give you to my friend, and you to be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets." Lady Capulet also put her daughter in the care of the Nurse who raised Juliet as her surrogate daughter. The Nurse being a blabbermouth out spoken person was also responsible for the death of Juliet. She never acknowledged that maybe Juliet wasn't ready for this immense step in her life from an on looker guardian. In Act two-Scene four the Nurse warns Romeo to be true to Juliet and she explains there is another man after her Paris she compares the two. She says to Romeo that her Juliet is sweet "well sir my mistress is sweetest lady, lord o there is a noble man in town Paris." She encouraged Juliet in her romance with Romeo because the action of her being a blabber mouth is that she carried the messages of a secret meeting of where she knew that they where going to spend a night of passion together in Act three Scene two she says to Juliet "hie to your chamber Ill find Romeo to comfort you hark ye, your Romeo will be here all night" She advised Juliet to marry Paris, knowing she was already married to Romeo. I also blame Friar Lawrence who was the person that took these newly met lustful children into their marriage, since Romeo and Juliet where two children were married so soon and at a young age this made them unable to make they're own decisions. This statement can be proved about Romeo because when he was banished he bellowed like a baby the Nurse had to make young Romeo act like a man just to think of Juliet instead of himself. The main reason for Friar Lawrence's decision to marry the two is wrong is because he thought this might help to make the two families stop fighting in Act two Scenes six Friar Lawrence says, "till holy church incorporate two in one". In the end this was proven to be the motivation for the two children killing themselves he also gave Juliet the sleeping potion Act four Scene one "take this vial, being in bed and this distilled liquor drink thou off". Now I must introduce The Prince ruler of Verona where the story is set. The Prince had the power to act to stop the feud between the two families. It was unjustified of him to send Romeo away from Verona as a punishment for killing Tybalt when the fighting was Tybalt`s own fault for killing Mercutio in Act three Scene three he says "hence from Verona art thou banished: taking thy part, hath rushd aside the law and turn`d that black word into banishment". Mercutio had an influence on Romeo because of his friend ship, Mercutio`s attitude to the quarrels and fighting made the situation worse. He saw the feud as a game and that attitude led him to his death and Romeo's banishment. Even though I am blaming certain people for the tragic deaths of Romeo and Juliet I have to consider that Romeo and Juliet had an affect

How to write brand names - Emphasis

How to write brand names How to write brand names Brand identity is important to business, and having a brand name with impact is a big part of that. But when the name breaks the standard rules of English in its efforts to achieve that, it can present writers with a challenge. In many cases, the company itself will take a pragmatic approach. For example, Twitter spells its name with a lower-case t in its logo, but upper case in text. We do the same at Emphasis. But what do you do if the company consistently describes itself in non-standard English? Take insurance companies MORE THN and LV=, retail consultancy him! or the supermarket ASDA, for example. If you’re writing about ASDA and you need to refer to ASDA several times in a paragraph, the block capitals in the word ASDA can soon appear to shout at the reader and drown out the rest of the text on the page (like they do here). So should you prioritise the brand’s preferences or the readability of your documents? You need a house style If you don’t already have a house style and you’re starting from scratch, there are two broad approaches you can take. 1. Write the brand name exactly as the company does. You may wish to do this if the company is a client or partner, or if they have expressed a strong preference for the format of their name and you don’t want to upset them. Also, as rules go, it’s certainly the simplest to follow. 2. Bring the brand name in line with standard English. If your priority is literacy and ease of reading, or if you found yourself wincing at the third paragraph of this article, you may wish to take this approach. It’s OK to make small changes to the format of the brand name, so long as it is still clearly recognisable. If you decide to go with the second option, the rest of this article will take you through the areas you’ll need to consider. This may also be helpful if you already have a house style but it doesn’t tell you how to deal with the brand names mentioned above. In each case, we’ve made a recommendation, but it is only that – you may decide differently. Punctuation marks Some brand names, such as Yahoo! Which? and him! include a punctuation mark, which can be problematic – and not only because Word automatically capitalises the following word, thinking that you must be starting a new sentence. For a start, exclamation marks are generally frowned upon in formal writing, even when used correctly. So ending a sentence with ‘according to Yahoo!.’ looks doubly strange when combined with the extra punctuation. And an exclamation mark in the middle of a sentence, such as ‘Yahoo! has filed applications for two patents’, can feel disruptive. Many publications (the Guardian, the Sunday Times, the BBC) choose to omit the exclamation mark and simply write Yahoo. Others (the Times, the Telegraph) choose to retain it. Verdict: Yahoo – it’s still instantly recognisable. Even more difficult is him!, with its lower-cased h, which can leave writers wrangling with sentences such as: ‘The price-marked pack has been a source of confusion within the industry, according to him!.’ (Who is   Ã¢â‚¬Ëœhim’?, asks the reader.) For clarity, it’s necessary to add ‘retail consultancy’ before ‘him!’, but even then you’re still left with the awkward punctuation. him! told us that their brand name should always be written with the exclamation mark, and ‘always be lower case even at the start of a sentence’ (like this sentence, for example, which we wrote in agony). However, they admitted that many publications refused to follow these guidelines. Verdict: Him – him! is too confusing. The consumer magazine Which? throws up similar questions. In fact, it sometimes throws up extra questions where you don’t want them. ‘This research was compiled by Which?’, or ‘Which one performed best in the Which? test lab?’, for example. Which? told us:   Ã¢â‚¬ËœOur policy is to always include the question mark. We haven’t produced any guidance for the press, instead relying on our own presentational material to set the example.   We would encourage anyone who’s tempted to end a sentence with the word Which? to rewrite their sentence. Strange though the question mark may be, lopping it off also causes problems.   Ã¢â‚¬ËœThis research was compiled by   Which’ and ‘Which one performed best in the   Which test lab?’ could be confusing, especially if your style is to write the names of publications without using italics. Verdict: Which? – the question mark is vital to understanding the brand name. Non-alphabet characters There are certain non-alphabetical characters that don’t trouble the reader at all. For example, Marks Spencer looks more natural than Marks and Spencer, as we are so used to seeing it in the high street and on TV. Even for a non-British readership, the ampersand is so widely used that it’s unlikely to jar. The same can’t be said, however, for MORE THN or LV=, which are unsettling to the eye, not to mention a pain to type. A   MORE THN spokeswoman told us:   Ã¢â‚¬ËœMORE THN   should always be presented in this way and not re-formatted to More Than’,   but we think that’s asking quite a lot. The Guardian’s style guide takes a zero-tolerance approach to   MORE THN, reading simply   Ã¢â‚¬ËœMore Than – not MORE THN, which is how the insurance arm of Royal Sun Alliance styles itself’. When it comes to LV=, however, most publications retain the   Ã¢â‚¬Ëœequals’   sign, because the company name is pronounced    ‘   LV equals’   (whereas the in   MORE THN is, thankfully, silent). Verdict: Marks Spencer, More Than, LV=. Stop SHOUTING There is a generally accepted rule for writing acronyms (a set of initials pronounced as a word) and initialisms (a set of initials pronounced as letters). Acronyms are written with the first letter capitalised, for example Unicef and Nasa, while initialisms are capitalised all the way through, for example IBM and BBC. However, some companies would have us write their names all in capital letters, even if they don’t actually stand for anything. For example, ASDA (a portmanteau of Asquith and Dairies), ASUS, GIGABYTE and UNISON, all of which are pronounced as words, not letters. Of course, they like this format because it makes them stand out. But unless you’re writing something with the aim of actively promoting that brand, there’s no reason why the brand name should stand out more than the other words in the document, which are equally important. Verdict: Asda, Asus, Gigabyte and Unison. As a general rule, if you can pronounce it as a word, only capitalise the first letter. If you pronounce every letter, capitalise them all. And then there’s Apple, with their fondness for putting a lower-case i in front of everything. However, iPad, iPod and iMac are now so widely recognised that to replace them with Ipad, Ipod and Imac would be pointlessly awkward. Verdict: iPad, iPod, iMac – but try to avoid putting them at the start of a sentence. When nouns become verbs In 2006, Google tried to stop media organisations using their name as a verb. A spokesman said at the time: ‘We think its important to make the distinction between using the word Google to describe using Google to search the internet, and using the word Google to describe searching the internet. It has some serious trademark issues.’ However, like Hoover before them, Google have largely failed in their mission to prevent their name from being genericised. The use of ‘to google’ as a verb with a lower-cased g has caught on and even entered both the Oxford and Collins dictionaries. Verdict: Google for the noun, google as a verb. But if you use a search engine other than Google, consider using ‘search the internet’ or ‘do an internet search’. Twitter are currently engaged in a smaller battle, over the word ‘tweet’, for which they acquired the trademark in October 2011. Though they have never objected to a lower-case t being used for the verb ‘to tweet’, they do object to the noun being lower cased. Their guidelines state: ‘Please remember to capitalize the T in Twitter and Tweet!’ However, no one except Twitter itself actually does, and this certainly feels like a fight that has already been lost. Verdict: Twitter, but tweet for both the verb and the noun. Trademarks Lastly, make sure you only use a trademarked brand name when you’re referring to something made by that brand. Do you mean Tetra Pak, or just generic cartons? Is it really a Portakabin, or is it a ‘portable cabin-style building’ (see this apology)? And if you do decide to tweak the style to make it more readable, make sure you retain the initial capital letter to signal that youre referring to a brand rather than a generic noun (except, of course, in the case of a certain brand of products beginning with i). The Guardian’s style guide sums it up nicely. ‘Take care: use a generic alternative unless there is a very good reason not to, eg ballpoint pen, not biro (unless it really is a Biro, in which case it takes a cap B); say photocopy rather than Xerox, etc; you will save our lawyers, and those of Portakabin and various other companies, a lot of time and trouble.’ Why not test your trademark awareness by taking our trademarks quiz? There are 12 questions, and in each case you need to decide whether the word is currently trademarked, was once trademarked or has never been trademarked. In conclusion If it’s an easy life you’re after, and you can stomach block capitals and strange punctuation marks, the simplest rule is to go with what the brand itself does. But you’ll still need to decide whether to follow their logo or how they present their name in official documents, such as company reports, because these aren’t always the same (see Twitter, for example). Or, if youre feeling bold, why not make a stand for legibility and carve out a house style of your own? Do you want to inform, inspire and persuade with your business documents? Our 64-page guide to professional writing, The Write Stuff, will help. Get your free copy here.

Business Regulation Law

When an organization do not comply with the state and federal regulation the company can face fines or become caught up in major litigation, costing the company major expenses. In this memo I will identify common tort and risk found in the organization of Alumina, and describe different measures to manage risk. Some common torts found at Alumina are negligence, defamation/slander/libel, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), and strict liability is tort liabilities uncovered. Alumina Violation Alumina is an aluminum maker base in the United States and has operation in eight countries. The aluminum maker is on Lake Dira in the state of Erehwon. Alumina is under the jurisdiction of region six under the Environmental Protection Agency. A few years ago Alumina was found in violation with the Environmental Protection Agency for environmental discharge norms in an Environmental Protection Agency compliance evaluation. The PAH levels were above prescribe limits. Alumina was order to clean up the problem in which they complied too quickly. Because of this incident Alumina has maintain a good compliance record. Recently a resident name Kelly Bates claims that Alumina continuous contamination of Lake Dira with pollutants. Bates threatens to file a suit against the company for punitive damages and recovery damages. She believes that the incident that occurred several years ago is the cause of her daughter’s leukemia. Tort Liability A tort is a â€Å"civil wrong that is an interference with someone’s person or property such that an injury results† (Jennings, 2006, p. 367). Torts can be categorized as intentional torts, torts of negligence, and strict liability torts. Intentional torts are those that result in a harm not accidental. Torts of negligence are accidental harms that result from a failure to act appropriately in a given situation. Strict liability torts assign absolute liability and offer very few defenses. Defamation of Character A company or a person reputation is a valuable asset. The tort of defamation of character requires that a plaintiff prove that: the defendant made an untrue statement about the plaintiff or the statement was intentionally published by a third party (Cheeseman, 2010). Written False statements are referred to as libel and verbal statement are referred to as slander. Bates made a libel statement in the newspaper about Alumina and the violation that occurred years ago. This defamation can have a negative effect on the company. Alumina can lose business with a bad reputation and once the reputation has gone sour it is hard to reclaim the good name. Freedom of Information Act A local news reporter and Kelly Bates approached the EPA to obtain environmental audit reports that documented Alumina violation of the Clean Water Act. Bates requested the documents under the Freedom of Information Act; this act was enacted in Congress in 1966 to the American public great access to the Federal Government records (Federal Communication Commission, 2010) . The Company chooses to release partial audit information from the violation from years ago. Alumina has the right to withhold informational this qualifies under the Confidential Business Information, which is available under exemption four of the Freedom of information Act. Strict liability Negligence and Strict liability Negligence, the most common tort, is explained as conduct that falls below standards of behavior established by the law for the protection others against unreasonable risk harm (Cheeseman, 2010). In this case of negligence Bates must prove that Alumina had a duty to keep the PAH levels contained. In a case Alumina breaches that duty by not staying in compliance with the EPA regulation several years ago. Bates assumes that the consumption of the water cause the harm of her daughter to have leukemia. In response Alumina chose to conduct an independent site study for new violations. The reports come back good the PAH levels were well below the standard. After releasing a partial audit report Bates has threaten to file a lawsuit against Alumina of personal injury to recover compensation and punitive damages. Alumina negligent conduct of â€Å"serious violation of environmental laws five years ago is the cause of her daughter leukemia,† alleged by Bates (Business Regulations Simulation, 2010). The best resolution for this situation is mediation by a neutral third party, by choosing this options Alumina can provide Bates with a confidential settlement. The settlement includes that Alumina provides Bates with reimbursement of medical expenses for her daughter treatment a lump sum for future treatments and a college fund set aside if her daughters recovers from the leukemia (Business Regulations Simulation, 2010). Although tort liability is founded on intended harm strict liability is attached even though the defendant has been reasonable. In the Article titled â€Å" The American Influence on Canadian Tort Law† author Allen M. Linden states â€Å" One person may be require to compensate another for injury or damages even though the loss was neither intentionally or negligently inflicted. If Alumina had taken the case to court, the company would have been in a long litigation process costing the company thousands and even millions of dollar. The mediation process is half the cost of a court trial and there is no guarantee that the jury would agree with Alumina even though the company may have had proof that the allegation against the company was false. The jury tends to side with the victims. Preventative, Detective, and Corrective Measures In an organization it will be hard to prevent allegation against the company, but the company needs to prepare for such issues when they arise. A preventative plan should be put into place. The company should make it a priority that the employees of the company aware of the rules and regulations of the state and federal laws. The company should be aware of the competitors who have violated any government regulations and improve their process so that the company will not violate the same regulations as the competition. Health risk that may be exposes to the staff, customers, and other should be included in the document also. Conclusion Alumina has to abide by state and federal rules these laws are in place to improve environmental safety. The agency that regulates Alumina was the Environmental Protection Agency this agency enforces environmental laws. Alumina has to be aware and comply with the state and federal regulations at all-time or it can affect the business a great deal. Maintaining a positive image in the community is also important when a crisis occurs the support of the community can be a big help in determine issues. The decision mage by Alumina were wise, the company took the right approach to maintain its good name in the community and the competitive market and save cost on litigation. Business Regulation Law When an organization do not comply with the state and federal regulation the company can face fines or become caught up in major litigation, costing the company major expenses. In this memo I will identify common tort and risk found in the organization of Alumina, and describe different measures to manage risk. Some common torts found at Alumina are negligence, defamation/slander/libel, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), and strict liability is tort liabilities uncovered. Alumina Violation Alumina is an aluminum maker base in the United States and has operation in eight countries. The aluminum maker is on Lake Dira in the state of Erehwon. Alumina is under the jurisdiction of region six under the Environmental Protection Agency. A few years ago Alumina was found in violation with the Environmental Protection Agency for environmental discharge norms in an Environmental Protection Agency compliance evaluation. The PAH levels were above prescribe limits. Alumina was order to clean up the problem in which they complied too quickly. Because of this incident Alumina has maintain a good compliance record. Recently a resident name Kelly Bates claims that Alumina continuous contamination of Lake Dira with pollutants. Bates threatens to file a suit against the company for punitive damages and recovery damages. She believes that the incident that occurred several years ago is the cause of her daughter’s leukemia. Tort Liability A tort is a â€Å"civil wrong that is an interference with someone’s person or property such that an injury results† (Jennings, 2006, p. 367). Torts can be categorized as intentional torts, torts of negligence, and strict liability torts. Intentional torts are those that result in a harm not accidental. Torts of negligence are accidental harms that result from a failure to act appropriately in a given situation. Strict liability torts assign absolute liability and offer very few defenses. Defamation of Character A company or a person reputation is a valuable asset. The tort of defamation of character requires that a plaintiff prove that: the defendant made an untrue statement about the plaintiff or the statement was intentionally published by a third party (Cheeseman, 2010). Written False statements are referred to as libel and verbal statement are referred to as slander. Bates made a libel statement in the newspaper about Alumina and the violation that occurred years ago. This defamation can have a negative effect on the company. Alumina can lose business with a bad reputation and once the reputation has gone sour it is hard to reclaim the good name. Freedom of Information Act A local news reporter and Kelly Bates approached the EPA to obtain environmental audit reports that documented Alumina violation of the Clean Water Act. Bates requested the documents under the Freedom of Information Act; this act was enacted in Congress in 1966 to the American public great access to the Federal Government records (Federal Communication Commission, 2010) . The Company chooses to release partial audit information from the violation from years ago. Alumina has the right to withhold informational this qualifies under the Confidential Business Information, which is available under exemption four of the Freedom of information Act. Strict liability Negligence and Strict liability Negligence, the most common tort, is explained as conduct that falls below standards of behavior established by the law for the protection others against unreasonable risk harm (Cheeseman, 2010). In this case of negligence Bates must prove that Alumina had a duty to keep the PAH levels contained. In a case Alumina breaches that duty by not staying in compliance with the EPA regulation several years ago. Bates assumes that the consumption of the water cause the harm of her daughter to have leukemia. In response Alumina chose to conduct an independent site study for new violations. The reports come back good the PAH levels were well below the standard. After releasing a partial audit report Bates has threaten to file a lawsuit against Alumina of personal injury to recover compensation and punitive damages. Alumina negligent conduct of â€Å"serious violation of environmental laws five years ago is the cause of her daughter leukemia,† alleged by Bates (Business Regulations Simulation, 2010). The best resolution for this situation is mediation by a neutral third party, by choosing this options Alumina can provide Bates with a confidential settlement. The settlement includes that Alumina provides Bates with reimbursement of medical expenses for her daughter treatment a lump sum for future treatments and a college fund set aside if her daughters recovers from the leukemia (Business Regulations Simulation, 2010). Although tort liability is founded on intended harm strict liability is attached even though the defendant has been reasonable. In the Article titled â€Å" The American Influence on Canadian Tort Law† author Allen M. Linden states â€Å" One person may be require to compensate another for injury or damages even though the loss was neither intentionally or negligently inflicted. If Alumina had taken the case to court, the company would have been in a long litigation process costing the company thousands and even millions of dollar. The mediation process is half the cost of a court trial and there is no guarantee that the jury would agree with Alumina even though the company may have had proof that the allegation against the company was false. The jury tends to side with the victims. Preventative, Detective, and Corrective Measures In an organization it will be hard to prevent allegation against the company, but the company needs to prepare for such issues when they arise. A preventative plan should be put into place. The company should make it a priority that the employees of the company aware of the rules and regulations of the state and federal laws. The company should be aware of the competitors who have violated any government regulations and improve their process so that the company will not violate the same regulations as the competition. Health risk that may be exposes to the staff, customers, and other should be included in the document also. Conclusion Alumina has to abide by state and federal rules these laws are in place to improve environmental safety. The agency that regulates Alumina was the Environmental Protection Agency this agency enforces environmental laws. Alumina has to be aware and comply with the state and federal regulations at all-time or it can affect the business a great deal. Maintaining a positive image in the community is also important when a crisis occurs the support of the community can be a big help in determine issues. The decision mage by Alumina were wise, the company took the right approach to maintain its good name in the community and the competitive market and save cost on litigation.

Econometrics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Econometrics - Essay Example velopment to fulfill international expectations, high excellent of job and items, up-to-date engineering, consumer as well as environmental responsibility and robust networks in conducting company operations. More importantly, the competition of Thai market, particularly SMEs, has usually relied in low-cost job and normal resource advantages as opposed to technological capability or qualified human investment capital. Many models of growth along with development suppose that end result is generated with a two component, CobbDouglas specification for your aggregate production function using physical capital and work or Man capital adjusted labor helping as inputs. The CobbDouglas specification could be the only linearly homogenous production function that has a constant elasticity of substitution in which each factor’s Share of income is constant over time. Since this latter implication with the CobbDouglas specs is considered consistent with among stylized information of development, that this shares involving income accruing to help capital along with labor are relatively constant over time most researchers have not questioned the application of a CobbDouglas production function to check questions involving growth along with development. The linear homogeneity along with constant elasticity of alternative properties with the CobbDouglas specification also can explain this popularity with this functional style (Duffy & Papageorgiou 2000, p. 1). In all forms of production of one good with multiple factors, the formulation is presented as. Y represents the total production, L represents labor input, K represents the capital input, and A represents the total output by the factory. Regression evaluation generates the equation to spell it out the statistical relationship between more than one predictor variables along with the response varying. The p-value for every term checks the null hypothesis, which the coefficient is equal to zero (no effect). A low p-value

Research question and case study Annotated Bibliography

Research question and case study - Annotated Bibliography Example This loss of demand for the products traded in by the retail company happens to render large amounts of impact on the productivity and revenue patterns of the concern. Thus the retail companies to sustain their enhanced market share and profitability in the global market must strongly work to reduce the amount of lead times involved. Retail companies that mainly focus on the trading of fashionable garments and merchandises along with toys and technological products generally tend to suffer from the pitfalls of an ineffective supply chain system. Increasing lead times in the supply chain systems of such retail concerns leads to the unavailability of the right merchandise at the right season or time thereby contributing to loss of sales. It is therefore required for the retail organizations to arrange for the merchandises specifically during the peak seasons to meet customer satisfaction and thereby gain in sale revenues. Again the increase in the lead times for such retail companies a lso amounts to piling up of unused or unsold merchandises in retail warehouses that in turn locks a considerable amount of working capital for the concern (Bakal and Geunes, 2010, p.2395-2396). The paper relating to the above fact tends to focus on cases where the retail business organizations have taken resort to technological and process innovations to help in reducing the amount of lead time involved. Fashion retail companies like Zara belonging to the Inditex group are found to take resort to process innovations in its retail operations to contribute in the reduction of lead times. The retail company is observed to suffer from the loss of sales owing to the emergence of assorted sizes pertaining to garments in their different stores. In that the fashion retail company required the store managers of different operating stores to render individual

Existentialism Essay -- essays research papers

Existentialism is a philosophy about life that says being is more important than the indispensable everyday occurrences. It acknowledges an individuals freedom to choose and says with this knowing there comes an immense sense of responsibility. Despair, hopelessness and anxiety are characteristic of a person struggling with existential thoughts. Nihilism sums up this condition by stating that all values are baseless, nothing is foreseeable and that life itself is meaningless. The characters in A Clean Well Lighted Place and A Day’s Wait show signs of being both aware and unaware of these elements of existentialism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the first story, A Clean Well Lighted Place, the old drunk man represents someone who realizes he has no actual plan or fate. His despair is over the realization that theoretically the afterlife does not exist. The drunken man and older waiter share this despair not only because they both realize a man’s need for a clean, well-lighted place but also because they both struggle to fill a void. The older waiter’s acknowledgement of nothingness in life is evident when he recites the prayer but fills in the perceived nouns God and heaven with nada or nothing. He feels a void with this realization that keeps him awake at night. His assumption that others share his insomnia is somewhat correct but what they, the drunken man and the waiter, actually share is a void. The young waiter has a wife to go home to and a bed, the old drunken man ...

Kaiser Wilhelm II and The First World War Essay

The British postcard illustrates Kaiser Wilhelm II in a bath, where he is about to grab a bar of soap labelled â€Å"Europe†, with a caption quoting â€Å"He won’t be happy till he gets it.† This suggests he is willing to use force to capture Europe. Wilhelm is wearing a military helmet and has a greedy expression on his face, which gives us the impression he is willing to fight for what he wants. Sources B and C both differ, but both of them agree that Wilhelm’s attitude towards the war was very violent. In source B, Wilhelm’s speech seems to be taken over by his emotions: anger, aggression, passion and lots of determination. He refers to certain phrases such as â€Å"take no prisoners†, â€Å"must be destroyed† and â€Å"ruthless violence.† Words such as these show us that he wants trouble. However in source C, there is more talk of peace. It seems to be a more subdued and more thoughtful speech. â€Å"I was always a supporter of peace.† But then he goes on to say how peace â€Å"has its limits.† And he can â€Å"no longer just look on, but must draw the sword!† This giving the final conclusion that Kaisers attitude towards the war has not changed since 1900 although he has become more diplomatic. This postcard may be biased, as the British whom were about to go to war with him produced it. Britain wanted to portray him in as much negative light as possible, therefore this postcard might not be truthful. But using my own knowledge, I know that Kaiser Wilhelm II was an aggressive man who came from an aggressive country and to control Europe was his sole ambition. Also, Britain was aware of Wilhelm’s objectives and to some extent holds him responsible for the Moroccan Crises. They therefore have a good reason to portray him in this way. â€Å"The Kaiser was a warmonger and caused the Great War.† The evidence given in the sources supports this statement and also disagrees with it. Source A clearly supports this view. The cartoon shows Wilhelm greedily snatching Europe, along with the war helmet, which indicates war. Source B backs this statement too. There is no sign of peaceful man in his speech. In this he says he wants Germans to acquire a similar reputation as Attila’s Huns did in the fifth century. Attila was the King of the German tribe the Huns who ravaged Eastern Europe. But there is talk of peace in his later speech (1913), although this hopeful thought is dampened by the indications of war â€Å"Must draw the sword.† However, using my own knowledge I know that the Great War was not only the fault of Wilhelm’s, there was many other reasons. In my opinion, rivalries were the main factor, which brought about the First World War. Without rivalries, no one would have a cause to start a war. There were many rivalries; Britain and Germany; France and Germany; Austria-Hungary and Russia and Serbia and Austria. These rivalries helped to cause war between the powers of Europe because they all wanted to fight for one reason or another. Another factor was alliances. With alliances, everyone was dragged into war, whether they liked it or not. In this case, it couldn’t be avoided. And lastly, the assassination of Franz Ferdinand was the catalyst. This gave Austria a perfect opportunity to declare war on Serbia. With this, Austria and Serbia were at war along with their allies. It caused great destruction as most countries were involved. This is proof that the Kaiser did not cause the Great War, as you need two countries to have a war. Cause the war he did not, but a warmonger he may be.

The Period of the Great Depression and Political Issues in...

Chapter 32-The Politics of Boom and Bust The three conservative Republican presidents wanted to get back to serving the public with less direct government intervention and more co-managing with big business. After WWI, the United States turned and from its international interest to its traditional style of foreign policy such as military unpreparedness and isolationism. The â€Å"Old Guard† wanted to get back to its old business of laissez-faire business with government helping businesses push profits but keep their hands off business at the same time. Harding allowed corporations to expand again and regulation of trusts were less enforced. Harding appointed to his ICC Board men that were more lenient on the railroad industry. Government control over wartime decisions disappeared such as the War Industries Board and an act was passed to sell a majority of war ships for a reduced price. This would make our navies less prepared for war. The railroads were also turned back over to private industry. Labor organization un ions lost much of its power against wage cuts. Strikes were shut down with government injunctions like the Steel strike and the Boston Police strike in 1919. Labor membership suffered a decline of thirty percent for the next years. A Veterans’ Bureau was established to handle the veterans’ hospitals and rehab clinics for the vets that had returned from war. Veterans wanted to be compensated for their time in the war and a bureau was set up to pay an insuranceShow MoreRelatedThe Influence Of Political Films On Society And Behavior For Large Masses Of People1396 Words   |  6 Pagesof information about society and behavior for large masses of people.† Political films represent views and criticisms of certain times throughout history. Popular movies involving politics and the government have to ability to impact citizens’ beliefs, whether it changes them or certifies them. Films that focus on politics could inform audiences on any topics such as political i nstitutions and historical circumstances. Political films are useful resources when learning about particular societies andRead MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt : An Effective American President And Leader1509 Words   |  7 Pages1 Bernier Abby Bernier Mrs. Walden Sophomore Honors History Period 1 8 December 2014 The Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt Thesis: Franklin D. Roosevelt was an effective American president and leader. Franklin D. Roosevelt was a powerful leader and one of the most highly regarded presidents in American history. He connected well with American people, had a strong character, possessed a clear vision for America, had valuable political skills, and could lead people in challenging times. With recentRead More Reconstruction in the 20th Century Essay examples584 Words   |  3 Pagesbeginning of the 20th century was a memorable time in history for the United States. This time period drastically changed our country politically and socially by reform. The Presidents that ruled our country during this era were especially powerful and made many differences, women and African Americans were starting to take a stand, and our country was able to make it all the way through the Great Depression. All of these events that took place in the early 1900s helped our country regain strength andRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930 S1476 Words   |  6 Pagesthe great depression of the 1930’s and the great recession in the United State of America. First, I’ll make a general overview of each of these two different periods and then focus on certain specific aspects during these different times. This will include the causes to the economic recessio ns witnessed, impacts of the economic recessions and the solutions that were introduced. When talking about any topic regarding American history, it would be hard not to mention the 1930’s great depression. AuthorsRead MoreWhat Does the Anniversary of Australia Means to the Indigenous People1323 Words   |  6 PagesAustralians to reflect on the progress Australia has made in the last 150 years. That anniversary was a time and opportunity for them to be proud of how Australia has thrived. Australia had recently made it through World War 1 and through the great depression. To the indigenous people the anniversary marked the landing of the first fleet 150 years ago which was renamed by the indigenous the day of mourning this marked 150 years of deprivation and abuse by the white settlers . It symbolised theRead MoreThe Cold War And The International Political Economy1076 Words   |  5 PagesWar and The International Political Economy in the 1970s The article that is going to be reflected in the following paragraphs attempts to describe the connection between the Cold War and the transfigurations of the political economy throughout that time period. In doing so, the article, â€Å"The Cold War and The International Political Economy in the 1970s†, examines various forms of scholarly literature on the topic. Often times, the Cold War and international political economy are disconnected,Read MoreAmerican Foreign Policy After The Great Depression1390 Words   |  6 Pagesshifted from the Isolationism to Interventionism for valid reasons. First the economic and socially challenging home front crisis of the Great Depression kept American citizens and politicians busy with domestic policy. Additionally the disillusionment of people with WWI caused America to avoid war at all costs. However, the rising threat of fascism in Europe forced America to defend democracy and help its allies. The first shift was seen when foreign po licy in the 1920s had moved to isolationism in largeRead MoreTheu.s. The Great Depression1548 Words   |  7 Pagesisolationists: the Great Depression. As this tragic event persisted throughout the decade, it persuaded many variety of citizens of United States to believe that Isolationism was the answer to fix this crisis. The favoring of isolationism in different parts of the country and people influenced the U.S foreign policies in such a way that the United States Government became an isolationist. They believed that with the various economic hardships in the country, their focus should be on domestic issues, insteadRead MoreThe Administration Of President Franklin D. Roosevelt1469 Words   |  6 Pagesthat this administration faced was the Great Depression, left over from late 1929. The Great Depression, and later the Second World War, resulted in political, social, and cultural changes throughout Roosevelt’s presidency, and throughout the country. Some of the main even ts that occurred as a result of The Great Depression and WWII, during Roosevelt’s administration were The first and second new deal, mass migration and immigration due to both the Great Depression and WWII, and new government agenciesRead MoreDBQ Questions781 Words   |  4 Pages____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Constitution Using information from the evidence below as well as your knowledge of the period, discuss the development of the United States Constitution as a document which ensured popular sovereignty. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________